{"id":647,"date":"2024-11-27T03:32:39","date_gmt":"2024-11-26T19:32:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.chan.ink\/?p=647"},"modified":"2024-12-22T22:54:49","modified_gmt":"2024-12-22T14:54:49","slug":"%e3%80%90django%e3%80%91%e5%85%b3%e4%ba%8erequest%e5%af%b9%e8%b1%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.chan.ink\/index.php\/2024\/11\/27\/%e3%80%90django%e3%80%91%e5%85%b3%e4%ba%8erequest%e5%af%b9%e8%b1%a1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010Django\u3011\u5173\u4e8erequest\u5bf9\u8c61"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5305\u88f9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5f88\u591a\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">requests\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b58\u653e\u4e86\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7ed9\u54b1\u4eec\u53d1\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u542b\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8bf7\u6c42\u76f8\u5173\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1a \u5f53\u524d\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684url\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u2026<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>django\u989d\u5916\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u4e0b <code>request<\/code> \u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u638c\u63e1 Django \u6216\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684 web \u6846\u67b6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u673a\u5236\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. <strong>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u7f51\u5740\u6216\u70b9\u51fb\u94fe\u63a5\u65f6\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a GET \u8bf7\u6c42\u3001POST \u8bf7\u6c42\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. <strong>\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbe\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbe\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540e\uff0cWeb \u6846\u67b6\uff08\u6bd4\u5982 Django\uff09\u4f1a\u5904\u7406\u5b83\u3002\u5728 Django \u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbe\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165 Django \u7684 <code>request<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a <code>request<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08GET\u3001POST\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684 URL \u5730\u5740<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\uff08\u5982\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u7b49\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cookies\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u7b49<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. <strong>\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u88ab\u5b9e\u9645\u5904\u7406\u524d\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff08middleware\uff09\u3002\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u94a9\u5b50\uff08hooks\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u5904\u7406\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002Django \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff08\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u72b6\u6001\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5904\u7406\u4f1a\u8bdd\uff08session\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5904\u7406\u8de8\u7ad9\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f2a\u9020\uff08CSRF\uff09\u4fdd\u62a4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8bb0\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8bf7\u6c42\u9650\u6d41\u7b49<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbe\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u524d\u5bf9 <code>request<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u89c6\u56fe\u5904\u7406\u540e\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e4b\u524d\u5bf9\u54cd\u5e94\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><code>def my_middleware(get_response):<br>    def middleware(request):<br>        # \u5728\u89c6\u56fe\u5904\u7406\u4e4b\u524d\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5<br>        request.my_value = \"hello\"<br>        response = get_response(request)<br>        # \u5728\u54cd\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\u524d\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5<br>        return response<br>    return middleware<br><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9 <code>request<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u6dfb\u52a0 <code>request.my_value<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fee\u6539\u4f1a\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. <strong>\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u540e\uff0cDjango \u4f1a\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\uff08view\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u8d1f\u8d23\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5b83\u4f1a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u83b7\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u6a21\u578b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u751f\u6210\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 HTML \u9875\u9762\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>request<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728 <code>request<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><code>def my_view(request):<br>    # \u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684 request.my_value<br>    print(request.my_value)  # \u8f93\u51fa 'hello'<br>    return HttpResponse(\"Response content\")<br><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. <strong>\u751f\u6210\u54cd\u5e94<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u6bd4\u5982 <code>HttpResponse<\/code> \u6216 <code>JsonResponse<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u54cd\u5e94\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5982 HTML \u9875\u9762\u3001JSON \u6570\u636e\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u5728\u54cd\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u518d\u6b21\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5982\u589e\u52a0\u7f13\u5b58\u5934\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e cookies \u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. <strong>\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u4f1a\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u56de\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6536\u5230\u54cd\u5e94\u540e\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\u6e32\u67d3\u9875\u9762\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\u7b49\u3002\u8bf7\u6c42\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u5c31\u6b64\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. <strong>\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7ed3\u675f<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c<code>request<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u6d88\u5931\u3002<code>request<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42-\u54cd\u5e94\u5468\u671f\u4e2d\u662f\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7aef\u6216\u540e\u7aef\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 <code>request<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u65e7\u7684 <code>request<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u4f1a\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<code>request<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42 \u2192 \u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbe\u670d\u52a1\u5668 \u2192 \u901a\u8fc7\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42 \u2192 \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u54cd\u5e94 \u2192 \u54cd\u5e94\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\uff09\u2192 \u6700\u7ec8\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>request<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u53ea\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 <code>request<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u989d\u5916\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u8de8\u8bf7\u6c42\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u6570\u636e\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u95f4\u6301\u4e45\u5b58\u5728\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u72b6\u6001\uff09\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Django \u7684 <strong>Session<\/strong> \u6216 <strong>Cookies<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Session<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u7684 session ID \u67e5\u627e\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cookies<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5982\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\uff09\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89e3\u91ca\u80fd\u5e2e\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3 <code>request<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\uff01\u5982\u679c\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7ec6\u8282\u9700\u8981\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u7ee7\u7eed\u63d0\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5305\u88f9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u5f88\u591a\u4e1c\u897f\u3002 requests\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b58\u653e\u4e86\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7ed9\u54b1\u4eec\u53d1\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u542b\u6709\uff1a &#038;# [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-647","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.chan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/647","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.chan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.chan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.chan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.chan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=647"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/www.chan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/647\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1133,"href":"http:\/\/www.chan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/647\/revisions\/1133"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.chan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=647"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.chan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=647"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.chan.ink\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=647"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}