{"id":879,"date":"2024-12-10T18:21:52","date_gmt":"2024-12-10T10:21:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.chan.ink\/?p=879"},"modified":"2024-12-10T19:14:57","modified_gmt":"2024-12-10T11:14:57","slug":"%e3%80%90django%e3%80%91%e5%86%8d%e8%ae%b0%e4%b8%80%e6%ac%a1django%e9%83%a8%e7%bd%b2%e9%81%87%e5%88%b0%e7%9a%84%e9%94%99%e8%af%af%e5%8f%8a%e8%a7%a3%e5%86%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.chan.ink\/index.php\/2024\/12\/10\/%e3%80%90django%e3%80%91%e5%86%8d%e8%ae%b0%e4%b8%80%e6%ac%a1django%e9%83%a8%e7%bd%b2%e9%81%87%e5%88%b0%e7%9a%84%e9%94%99%e8%af%af%e5%8f%8a%e8%a7%a3%e5%86%b3\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010Django\u3011\u518d\u8bb0\u4e00\u6b21Django\u90e8\u7f72\u9047\u5230\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

502 Bad Gateway
nginx\/1.20.1
\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u539f\u56e0\u5462 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

————————————————————————————–<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

502 Bad Gateway<\/code> \u9519\u8bef\u901a\u5e38\u8868\u793a\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u5982 Nginx\uff09\u5728\u4e0e\u4e0a\u6e38\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u5982\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u901a\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u6392\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

1. \u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cDjango\u3001uWSGI\u3001Gunicorn \u7b49\uff09\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u6216\u5d29\u6e83\uff0cNginx \u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b83\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de 502 Bad Gateway<\/code> \u9519\u8bef\u3002\u68c0\u67e5\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6392\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • \u68c0\u67e5\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cgunicorn<\/code> \u6216 uWSGI<\/code>\uff09\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\uff1aps aux | grep gunicorn<\/code> \u6216 ps aux | grep uwsgi<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u67e5\u770b\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5d29\u6e83\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    2. \u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e Nginx \u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u95ee\u9898<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Nginx \u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0e\u540e\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u539f\u56e0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • \u7aef\u53e3\u6216\u5730\u5740\u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef<\/strong>\uff1aNginx \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5730\u5740\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff1aNginx \u548c\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      \u6392\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • \u786e\u4fdd Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684 proxy_pass<\/code> \u6216 uwsgi_pass<\/code> \u6307\u5411\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u4f7f\u7528 curl<\/code> \u6216 telnet<\/code> \u6d4b\u8bd5 Nginx \u548c\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        3. \u8d85\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        \u5982\u679c\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u8f83\u6162\uff0cNginx \u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u8d85\u65f6\u540e\u8fd4\u56de 502<\/code> \u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u6392\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • \u68c0\u67e5 Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u8d85\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08proxy_read_timeout<\/code>\u3001proxy_connect_timeout<\/code>\u3001proxy_send_timeout<\/code> \u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u5982\u679c\u662f uWSGI \u6216 Gunicorn\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u5176\u8d85\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0ctimeout<\/code> \u6216 keep-alive<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          4. Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          \u6709\u65f6\uff0cNginx \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u4ee3\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u6392\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • \u68c0\u67e5 Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4e0e\u4ee3\u7406\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08\u5982 proxy_pass<\/code>\u3001upstream<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u901a\u8fc7 nginx -t<\/code> \u6d4b\u8bd5 Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u914d\u7f6e\uff1asudo systemctl reload nginx<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            5. \u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            \u5982\u679c\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216 Nginx \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d7\u5230\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\uff08\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fde\u63a5\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u6392\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            • \u68c0\u67e5\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c Nginx \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff08\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u3001CPU\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • \u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7 \/var\/log\/syslog<\/code> \u6216 \/var\/log\/messages<\/code>\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8d44\u6e90\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              6. \u9632\u706b\u5899\u6216\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              \u9632\u706b\u5899\u6216\u5b89\u5168\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u963b\u6b62\u4e86 Nginx \u548c\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u6392\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              • \u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08\u5982 iptables<\/code> \u6216 firewalld<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • \u786e\u4fdd Nginx \u548c\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5b89\u5168\u8f6f\u4ef6\u963b\u6321\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                7. uWSGI \u6216 Gunicorn \u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                \u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528 uWSGI<\/code> \u6216 Gunicorn<\/code> \u7b49 WSGI \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u8fd0\u884c Django \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u51fa\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u6392\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                • \u67e5\u770b uWSGI<\/code> \u6216 Gunicorn<\/code> \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u76d1\u542c\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e Nginx \u914d\u5408\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u68c0\u67e5 WSGI \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6ca1\u6709\u5d29\u6e83\u6216\u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                  8. \u67e5\u770b Nginx \u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                  \u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6392\u67e5\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u67e5\u770b Nginx \u7684\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \u6392\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \n
                  • \u67e5\u770b Nginx \u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a\/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • \u67e5\u770b\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a\/var\/log\/syslog<\/code>\u3001\/var\/log\/gunicorn\/gunicorn.log<\/code> \u6216 \/var\/log\/uwsgi\/uwsgi.log<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                    \u5982\u679c\u5728\u6392\u67e5\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u76f8\u5173\u65e5\u5fd7\u5185\u5bb9\u53d1\u7ed9\u6211\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u4f60\u66f4\u5177\u4f53\u5730\u5206\u6790\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    ———————————————————————————————————–<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    1.\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    ————————————————————–<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    nginx\u5c06\u572880\u7aef\u53e3\u6536\u5230\u7684\u975e\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9 \/www\/day16\/uwsgi.sock<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                    \u53cd\u89c2uwsgi\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u76d1\u542c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                    \u4ece\u521d\u6b65\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \u67e5\u770buwsgi\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u8bbf\u95eeip 8.138.2.44\u65f6\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5373\uff0c\u672a\u76d1\u542c\u5230<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \u8bf4\u660e\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4f20\u5230uwsgi\u76d1\u542c\u7684sockets<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \u518d\u6765\u770bnginx\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                    \u53ef\u89c1\uff0cnginx\u65e0\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\/www\/day16\/uwsgi.sock<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \u663e\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6743\u9650\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \u67e5\u770buwsgi.sock\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                    \u4ece ls -l<\/code> \u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u770b\uff0cuwsgi.sock<\/code> \u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\u662f root<\/code>\uff0c\u4e14\u53ea\u6709 root<\/code> \u7528\u6237\u6709\u8bfb\u5199\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u627e Nginx \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7528\u6237\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48ps aux | grep nginx<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                    \u4ece\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8fd0\u884c\u7528\u6237\u662fnginx\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\uff08\u5982 nginx<\/code> \u6216 nobody<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    ————————————————————————-<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u66f4\u6539\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                    ———————————————————————————–<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \u6b64\u65f6\u518d\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                    \u6765\u770b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u5148\u770buwsgi\u7684<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                    \u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u5bf9\u521a\u624d\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \u518d\u770bnginx\u7684<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    nginx\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\uff0cerror\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ca1\u6709\u66f4\u65b0\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86\uff0c\u53ea\u6709access\u4e2d\u6709\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                    \u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4e4b\u524d\u7684500\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u662f400<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c500-599\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u800c400-499\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9519\u8bef<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    ——————————————————————————-<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \u6309\u7167\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u5982\u4e0b\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                    \u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u6b64ip\uff0c\u4ecd\u672a\u6709\u6240\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \u5c1d\u8bd5\u91cd\u542fnginx\u548cuwsgi\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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